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Ovarian Cancer Corner

OVERVIEW

Ovarian cancer is cancer that starts in the ovaries. The ovaries are the female reproductive organs that produce eggs.

CAUSES/RISK FACTORS

A woman has a 1 in 67 chance of developing ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer among women, and it causes more deaths than any other type of female reproductive cancer.

The cause is unknown.

The risk for developing ovarian cancer appears to be affected by several factors. The more children a woman has and the earlier in life she gives birth, the lower her risk of ovarian cancer. Certain genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) are responsible for a small number of ovarian cancer cases. Women with a personal history of breast cancer or a family history of breast or ovarian cancer have an increased risk for ovarian cancer.

SYMPTOMS

-Sense of pelvic heaviness
-Vague lower abdominal discomfort
-Vaginal bleeding
-Weight gain or loss
-Abnormal menstrual cycles
-Unexplained back pain that worsens over time
-Increased abdominal girth
-Non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms:
Increased gas
Indigestion
Lack of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
Inability to ingest usual volumes of food
Bloating
-Increased urinary frequency or urgency
-Excessive hair growth

CARE/TREATMENT

Surgery is the preferred treatment and is often needed to diagnose ovarian cancer.

Studies have shown that surgery performed by a specialist in gynecologic oncology results in a higher cure rate.

Chemotherapy is used as after surgery to treat any remaining disease. Chemotherapy can also be used if the cancer comes back.

Radiation therapy is rarely used in ovarian cancer in the United States.

PREVENTION

Having regular pelvic examinations may decrease the overall risk. Screening tests for ovarian cancer remains a very active research area. To date, there is no cost-effective screening test for ovarian cancer, so more than 50% of women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed in the late stages of the disease.

Recent research has shown that surgery to remove the ovaries in women with mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can dramatically reduce their risk of developing ovarian cancer.

Source

Real Stories, Expert Advice

Health Corner Videos: Ovarian Cancer

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In the News: Ovarian Cancer

FDA Approved Leukemia Drug Shows Promising Activity In Ovarian Cancer Cells

Wed, 11 Nov 2009 01:00:00 PST
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/170504.php

The drug Sprycel, approved for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, significantly inhibited the growth and invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells and also promoted their death, a study by researchers with UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found.

Nektar Completes Enrollment Ahead Of Schedule In Phase 2 Clinical Trial Evaluating NKTR-102 In Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer

Thu, 29 Oct 2009 02:00:00 PST
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/169087.php

Nektar Therapeutics (Nasdaq: NKTR) announced that it has completed enrollment ahead of schedule in its Phase 2 clinical study of NKTR-102 in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. NKTR-102 is Nektar's investigational proprietary compound currently being evaluated in Phase 2 clinical development in ovarian, breast and colorectal cancers.

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